Internal-combustion engine



Feb.v 171. 1925.

E. P. DARGIN INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE Fileg July 14, 1922 2Sheets-Sheet 1 @mesi P llfrlll Il l llr Peanfedreb. 17, leas.,

UNITE@ ERNEST P. DARGN, OF DENVER, COLORADO.

INTERNAL-contaminan :enema Application led July 14, 1922.

To aZZ 107mm t may concern Be it Vknown that I, ERNEST P. Dancin, acitizen of the United States, residing at the city and county ot Deliverand State ot Colorado, have invented certain new and 'usefulImprovements in internal-Geminis tion Engines; and l do declare thefollowing to be a full. clear, and exact description of the invention,such as will enable others skilled inthe art to which it appertains tomake and use the same. reference being` had to the accompanyingdrawings, and to thc characters of reference markcdthereon. which tornia part of this specification.

This invention relates to internal combus tion engines, and moreparticularly to the construction of the valvesthereot.

In the great majority of internal combustion engines manufactured today,the valves are the cani-operated reciprocating valves ot well knowntype.

It is well known that the valves of an interna-l combustion engine are asource ot trouble, as they are. constantly becoming foul and must bereground at frequent intervals. They are also; usually more or lessnoisy and very seldom give sutheient port opening to prevent wir'edrawing ot the intake charge and back pressure on the exhaust stroke.

llt is the object of t-his invention to devise a rotary valve that isadapted to be operated from cranks or eccentrics on a rotatable shaftinstead ot by means ot cams. A rotary valve. as is well understood. doesnot require constant regrinding and rescating, and is alsocomparatively7 noiseless. and besides this. it can be so designed as toprovide. sufficient port opening to prevent wiredrawing of the intakeand excessive baek pressure.

'I attain the above objects b v means ot a construction which I will nowdescribe in detail, reference. being had tor this purpose to theaccompanying drawing in which-- Fig. 1 is a. section taken on line 1-1.Fig'. 2. with parts thereof broken away to better show the construction:

Fig. 2 is a section taken on line 2-`2, Fi 1;

Fig. rSlis a `section through the cylinder head taken on line 3-3, Fig.5

Figli's a section 'taken substantially on 'une fsw; ing. "e, mi Showsai@ position of thevalves Vduring a 'portion ot' Vthe eX- ha'ustlstroke" Serial N0. 575,078,

Fig. 5 is a section similar to that of Fig. l, and shows the position otthe valves during a portion olf' the intake stroke; and

Fig. o is a diagram showing the positions ot the valves at the variousparts of the stroke.

he same reference numerals will be used to indicate the same or similarparts Ihroughout the several views.

Numeral l represents a crank casing-in which the crank shaft 2 isrotatably mounted by means ot suitablebearings 3. Directlv above thecrank sha-tt there is a cylinder l within which is reciproeably mountedan ordinary piston 5. A connecting rod 6 joins the wrist pin 7 with thecrank pin 8. A timing gear 9. secured to the crank shaft so as to rotatetherewith cooperates with a gear 10 which has a pitch diameter twicethat ot gear 9. Gear 1() is secured to a crank sha'tt 11 and serves torotate the lat ter at a speed one-halt as great as that of shaft 2. Thetop ot `the cylinder is a` flat surtace termed by the upper side offlange Bolted to the top of the cylinder block is a cylinder head 18which contains the valve mechanism, which Irwill now describe. Thecylinder head 13 has an outside wall 1li within which there is ac},'lindrical hous inn* 15. the inside ot which is bored to truc.cylindrical term and adapted to receive a cylindrical valve which willbe hereinafter described. The cylindrical housing 15 is attached at oneend to the inside of wall 14 by means ot' a transverse wall or flange16. A cap 17 which has an exhaust tube 1S at- 4tachcd thereto. serves toclose the opening at the end ot member 15 and to direct the exhaustgases into the exhaust pipe. A cylindrical. valve member Q() tits withinthe cylindrical housing with a clearance ot approximately onetwo-thousandths ot an inch. so as to rotate freely therein when theparts are well lubricated. A second cylindrical valve 21 tits within thevalve 20. and within this last named valve member l insert third valvemember which .l will call the control valve. The control valve has anouter wall 22 which has a sliding Ht with the inside of the valve 9.1:it also has an inner wall 28 which is joined at one end to the outerwall 22 by an annular end wall Q4: whileat the other end the two wallsare held in spaced relation by means ot a number of spokes 25, some otwhich are provided with an opening 26 through which the lubrilll) eatingoil passes on its way to the inner surface. A central tubular member 27has the end 28 closed and the other end provided with an outwardlyextending flange 29 which is bolted to the removable head A by means ofbolts 31. The intake pipe 32 may be bolted to the flange 29 by means` ofbolts 33. The control valve has a radial ear 33 which is joined by meansof a connecting rod 34 to a crrosshead 35, which in turn is pivotallyattached to the upper end of connecting rod 36. The crosshead 35 isslidably connected with the guides 37. The lower end 38v of connectingrod 36 is connected to a crank pin on the crank shaft 11. Cylindricalvalves 2O and 21 are provided respectively Awith radial ears 39 and 40,to which are respectively connected the upper ends of connecting' rods41 and 42, the lower ends of which are pivotally connected to thecrosshead 43 at points 44 and 45, respectively. A connecting rod 46joins fthe crosshead 43 with a crank pin 11a on the crank shaft 11.

As the crank shaft 11 rotates crossheads 35 and 43 are continuallyreciprocated on guides 37 and 47, through the instrumentality of thecrank shaft 11 and the connecting rods 36 and 46. The reciprocation ofthe cross head 35 is transformed into an oscillating movement ot thecontrol valve about the outer surface of tube 27, and causes it tooscillate between the two positions shown respectively in Figs. 4 and 5,which, however, are merely intended to show the approximate extremepositions for the purpose of illustration only. As both valves 2O and 21are oscillated through the recip- 'roeation of crosshead 43, it isvevident that they will be simultaneously moved in opposite directionsbetween the extreme positions which are approximately shown in -6. Wateris admitted to the cooling jacket 43 through pipe 49,-and passesupwardly into cooling Chamber 19, finally leaving through pipe 50. Oilfor lubricating the surfaces of the valve is supplied through pipes 51.

ln Fig. 6 I have shown a diagram in' which vthe positions of tlieyalvemembers 2O and 21 are indicated for the various positions of the enginepiston. In this ligure the crank shaft is yindicated by the circle 2 andnumerals 1 to 3 indicate the positions of. the crank pin 8 for variousparts of the engine cycle, which in a four-cycle engine requires twocomplete revolutions of the crank shaft. Numeral 11 represents the camshaft or the crank shaft which operates the valves 20 and 21, and thenumerals surrounding the same indicate the position of the crank pin 11afor the corresponding positions of the crank pin 8. Since shaft 11rotates only half as fast as shaft 2, it will have to make only onerevolution per cycle. By the upper concentric circles l have indicatedthe cylindrical valves 20 and 21, and the port openings are designatedby the letter P.

For the purpose of this illustration, it is presumed that the valvemembers 20 and 21 are oscillated through an angle of 60 degrees, duringwhich arms 39 and 40 move 30 degrees above the horizontal and 30 degreesbelow the horizontal line this, however'` is merely illustrative, as thevalve may oscillate through greater or less angles. lllhen the partsoccupy the positions indicated by numeral 1, the 7alves 2O and 2l alsooccupy corresponding positions. The

members within the valve 20 designate the position of the right handside of the port l, while the corresponding numbers below the valvesdesignate the corresponding positions of the port P in valve member 21.

Numeral 1 indicates the position of the parts at the beginning of thepower stroke, in which position the valves close the port opening andthese remain closed until the parts reach position 3, which is the endof the power stroke. At position 3 the ports l) begin to open for theexhaust, and are fully open at point 4, while from 4 to 5 they areclosing and are fully closed at 5. At position 5 the crank pin 11a is inits lowermost position, and from 5 to 1 moves in an upward direction,with the result that the direction of movement of valves 2O and 21reverses. At point 6 of the intake stroke the valves are again fullyopen, and close again at T and remain closed duringthe compression andthe power strokes, The crank arm which cooperates with connecting rod 36leads the crank pin 11a by approxi-` mately 45 degrees, and serves tomove the control valve in such a manner that the ports are connected tothe exhaust and the intake at the proper time, .in fact, the controlvalve is merely, in effect. a two-way valve alternately connecting theports ply and the exhaust pipes.

From the above it is believed. the operation of the valves will beclear, and l will not elaborate further on this. An engine built inthemanner described will not employ the usual cams which cause noise andwhich require reciprocating valves which are diliicult to keep clean andtight. but instead it employs oscillatingvalves moved by crank arms orcccentrics, and is therefore capable of much more noiselcss operation.and at the same time the valves *are not liable Vto become leaky throughthe deposit of carbon.

Having now described my what I claim as new is- 1. In an internalcombustion engine, an oscillating valve for controlling the intake andexhaust of the engine, comprising in combination, three relativelymovable members, means operated by the engine shaft invention,

for oscillating said members, two of said" to the sup-l li O membershaving simultaneous oscillatory movements in opposite directions.

2. In an internal combustion engine, an oscillating valve forcontrolling the intake and exhaust of the engine, comprising incombination, three rel-atively movable members, one of which has twoport openings, and the other two having one port opening each, means formoving the one member alternately in opposite directions, and means forsimultaneously moving the two members alternately in oppositedirections.

3. In an internal combustion engine, an oscillating valve forcontrolling the intake and exhaust ot the engine, comprising incombination three relativelyT movable members, and means operated by theengine shaft for oscillating said members, two ot said members beingoscillated simultaneously, in opposite directions.

Il. In an internal combustion engine, an oscillating valve forcontrolling the intake and exhaust of the engine, comprising incombination three relatively movable mem-- bers, and means operated bythe engine shaft for oscillating said members, two ot said members beingoscillated simultaneously and at the same rate in opposite directions.

5. In an internal combustion engine, an oscillating valve forcontrolling the intake and exhaust of the engine, comprising incombination, three relatively movable members, and means operated by theengine shaft tor oscillating said members, one ot said members having anintake and an exhaust port, the other two members having each one portopening, and means operated from the engine shaft for oscillating themember having the two port openings, and means tor simultaneouslyoscillating the other two members in opposite directions.

6. In an internal combustion engine having a cylinder, a pistonreciprocably mounted therein, a crank shaft, a connecting rod connectingthe piston and the crank shatt. andv a second crank shaft for operatingthe valves, said second shaft being driven positively from the vFrstmentioned crank shaft, a cylinder head containing valve means forcontrolling the intake, compression, power and exhaust strokes, saidvalve means comprising a supply pipe havving one end open and connectedwith the carburetor and the other end closed, a` valve memberoscillatably mounted on the supply pipe, said valve member consisting ottwo cylindrical members concentric with and spaced from each other, alcylindrical member surrounding said valve member and adapted tooscillate thereon, a second cylindrical member oscillatably mounted ontl e irst named cylindrical member, means connecting the valve member tothe second crank shaft tor oscillating the same, and means connectingeach of the two cylindrical members with the second crank shaft foroscillating the same simultaneously in opposite directions.

7. An oscillating valve for an internal combustion engine, comprising acylindrical valve housing, an intake pipe extending into said valvehousing and concentric therewith, a cylindrical valve member mounted insaiid cylindrical valve housing` a second cylindrical member mountedwithin the first named valve member, a third valve member mounted withinthe second named valve member, said third valve member being composed oftwo concentric spaced cylindrical members, the smaller of which ismovably mounted on the inta-ke pipe, a port opening in said intake pipe,a corresponding opening in said cylindrical member, a .single portopening in each o said cylindrical valve members, an exhaust and anintake port in the third valve member, and means for oscillating saidmembers in accordance with the movements of the engine, said valvehousing having an exhaust opening in communication with the exhaust portof the valve member.

8. In an internal combustion engine, an oscillating valve 'Forcontrolling the intake, compression, power and exhaust strokes thereoi".said means comprising a cylinder head having a cylindrical chamberextending transversely thereof. an intake pipe projecting into saidchamber and of less diameter than the chamber. whereby an annular spaceis formed, a valve member consisting ot two cylindrical concentricmembers mounted so as to oscillate on the intake pipe and occupying apart of said annular space, a port in said intake pipe, an intake portin said valve member extending trom the inside to the outside thereof,an exhaust port extending through the outside of said valve member, apair of rotatable cylindrical valve members occupying the remainingannular space between the first named valve member and the innei`surface of said cylindrical chamber, means :for oscillating the valvemember, and means for simultaneously oscillating each member of the pairot valve members in opposite directions.

In testimony whereof I atlix my signature.

ERNEST P. DARGIN.

